The United States could fall behind its competitors in developing improved livestock traits unless it reforms a cumbersome approval process for gene-edited animals, according to farmers and leading animal scientists.

Other countries including Canada, Brazil and Argentina are moving quickly on gene-editing advancements for livestock while the U.S. regulatory system remains impractical, lengthy and expensive, according to the National Pork Producers Council (NPPC).

“Gene editing is a huge step forward for America’s farmers, as it offers a powerful new way to combat animal disease,” said Dr. Dan Kovich, NPPC’s director of Science and Technology. “With gene editing, livestock breeders can knock out specific...